HEIFER INTERNATIONAL SENEGAL

TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR ANALYSIS OF SMALL RUMINANT, POULTRY AND VEGETABLES VALUE CHAINS AND DOCUMENTATION OF ASSOCIATED REPORTS IN SENEGAL

1. INTRODUCTION AND CONTEXT

Heifer International (Heifer) has long recognized the centrality of human development as one of the main aspects of its drive to end hunger, poverty, and the need to take care of the earth. Heifer's values-based holistic community development model, with its 12 cornerstones for fair and sustainable development, is the basis of his work. With this solid foundation, Heifer focuses his work on pro-poor wealth by creating value chains that exploit the social capital of communities to stimulate market development. The fight against poverty and food and nutrition insecurity is an obligatory gateway for any economic development strategy for African countries. The agriculture sector is an important economic sector; it contributes to 14% of GDP and accounts for about 50% of the labour force. Despite this, more than half of rural people, usually very small farmers engaged in subsistence agriculture, live below the poverty line and 30% of them are affected by food insecurity (World Bank,2014) 1 .

Agriculture is defined as a driving sector of the economy in the Senegal Emergent Plan (SEP), which serves as a framework for public policy over the period 2014-2035. The Senegalese Agriculture Cadence Acceleration Program (PRACAS) operationalizes the agricultural component of the SEP.

Particularly related to agriculture, the livestock sector has been particularly attracted by the government in recent years, due to its significant wealth creation potential and its contribution to food security.

In 2016, the herd is 17,379,000 head, of which 3,541,000 are cattle, 6,678,000 sheep, 5,704,000 goats, 423,000 pigs, 557,000 equines, 471,000 asins and 5,000 camels.

However, the weight of livestock in GDP (4.0% in 2016) as well as its contribution to growth (0.3% for a GDP that grew by 6.2%) relatively low relative to the sector's potential (Economic and Social Situation of Senegal, 2016).In this regard, strategic objectives have been set to improve its sustainable competitiveness and thus positively impact people's living conditions and job creation.

Despite its socio-economic importance, the livestock subsector mobilizes no more than 4% of the financial resources allocated to the agricultural sector. Public investment in agriculture and livestock in 2013 was about 120,405,000,000 and 10,513,000,000 CFA francs, respectively, at a rate of 12.7% and 1.10% (Consolidated Investment Budget, 2014). However, livestock, dominated by large configurations, is an additional source of income for many rural households.

1. ASSIGNMENT OBJECTIVE

The overall objective of the study is to conduct a detailed analysis of the value chains of small ruminants (sheep and goats), poultry and vegetables (gardening)in Senegal. The consultant will carry out an in-depth analysis on identified agricultural Value Chains in the selected regions to provide evidence-based information to design Heifer Senegal country strategy. This analysis will provide evidenced-based information on the key systemic constraints within these value chains and recommend some interventions and business solutions to unlock these constraints. The analysis will also provide evidence-based information to develop a business case, and a minimum of one program/project ideas per commodity that can be integrated into Heifer Senegal signature program and address systemic bottlenecks of the value chain/market system and bring about a sustainable and lasting impact in the lives and living incomes of small holder farmers, including women and youth. The specific objectives include:

• Conduct a comprehensive value chain analysis of the selected commodities; Identify market dynamics and opportunities and assess and map the supply and demand of services in targeted areas

• Identify systemic bottlenecks that hinder efficiency and effectiveness of the market system/value chains (with emphasis on challenges of the demand side)
• Identify critical support functions, rules, and regulations for each value chain/commodity/market system relevant to advance the competitiveness of these value chains. Outline any gaps that must be filled to sustainably generate income or gain employment through the value chain and how the value chain can be developed.
• Identify potential gender-based barriers and opportunities for gender transformative roles in value chain activities
• Program/project ideas to address systemic challenges; propose innovative ideas and digital solutions as appropriate for each of the value chains.
• Identify key stakeholders/actors (private, public, producer groups, etc…) with demonstrable capacity and incentive; and can be potential partners in implementing interventions to address systemic bottlenecks
• Bring out comparative and competitive advantages of the selected Valuer chains in line with demand-supply gap, sales/revenue, market size, market efficiency, distribution channels etc. 

It will establishanalysis and documentation around market system study, impact (economic) analysis, gender analysis, youth analysis, stakeholders’ analysis, landscape analysis, environmental analysis, farm and profitability analysis of selected value chains in Senegal to allow understanding of the overall context and guide Heifer Senegal implementation strategy in the design of its Signature Program.

The consultant will work in coordination with the HeiferSenegalteam to developtheaction plan, methodology and field assessment tools for the study.It will generate, in addition to secondary data, the primary data needed from the selected sites sampled, collect, and analyze the secondary data available to achieve the study's objectives.

In the end, the study will identify the main areas of intervention in these value chains to strengthen the capacity of smallholders and enable them to be players capable of benefiting from proportional trading margins and equitable value sharing at the level of these value chains.

As part of the project design, the consultant will work with Heifer Senegal to assess and document (10-15 pages each using a template that will be provided) the following:

1. Market system study: This study will focus on the general context of the agribusiness landscape in Senegal, constraints and opportunities analysis, risks, government policies and how these could be an enablers or inhibitors to the poultry, small ruminant, and Vegetables chains. An analysis of the factors driving market system including the social and power dynamics at play at the national and regional levels that may impact system functioning will also be critical as part of this analysis.
2. Impact (economic) analysis: This will analyze the comparative and competitive advantages of the selected value chains in line with demand-supply gap, sales/revenue, market size, market efficiency, distribution channels as well as conduct gross margin analysis of different commodities identified
3. Gender analysis: This will focus on current gender dynamics around on education; unemployment and livelihoods; safety and security; health; geography, gender, and generation; exclusion, discrimination, and injustice; etc. and the barriers to meeting aspiration and goals, opportunities for mainstreaming gender into the signature program; mirroring it to the specific value chains of poultry, small ruminant, and Vegetables. The assessment will identify and analyze gender specific information needed to design and deliver smart, targeted interventions around the selected value chains using the five gender domains of roles/responsibilities, access, decision making/influence, time, and cultural/legal context. Identify potential gender-based barriers and opportunities for gender transformative roles in value chain activities. The Gender analysis should provide evidence to enable Heifer to understand how gender roles, responsibilities and inequalities will affect a project’s effectiveness and the sustainability of its results. It should also provide evidence that allow Heifer to design and implement development projects in a way that will help close gender inequality gaps so that males and females benefit from our work and are equitably empowered.
4. Youth analysis: This will assess the current context around youth focusing on education; unemployment and livelihoods; safety and security; health; geography, gender, and generation; exclusion, discrimination, and injustice; etc. and the barriers to meeting aspiration and goals, opportunities for mainstreaming gender into the signature program; mirroring it to the specific value chains of rice, poultry, and tomato.
5. Stakeholders’ analysis that will focus on critical stakeholders in the poultry, small ruminant, and Vegetable’s value chains –identifying their roles/engagement and influence on the selected value chain. The assessment will analyze the stakeholders/actors (private, public, producer groups, etc.) with demonstrable capacity and incentive; and can be potential partners in implementing interventions to address systemic bottlenecks. A stakeholders’ matrix will be provided by Heifer to get this analyzed.
6. Environmental analysis: This analysis will focus on the major environmental risk in the poultry, small ruminant, and Vegetable’s value chains along three thematic areas of eath adaptation, earth opportunity, and earth innovations and recommend necessary risk management and mitigation measures.
7. Landscape analysis of all others who are interested in the market system, value chains or issues to be solved.
8. Operation capacity to implement the signature program: This should focus on the needed capacities, skills, operations, and processes. It will identify gaps and actions plans with steps to develop the capacities required for startup.

Collect and analyze data on farm profitability and provide analytics and interpretation of the business models as well as the profit and loss statements for beneficiary farmers along the poultry,

1. small ruminant, and Vegetable’s value chains. A template for getting this done will be provided.

These analyses will then be integrated into program design to inform the benchmark before the program is implemented. The objective of these assessments is to use secondary data to establish analysis and documentation around market system study, impact (economic) analysis, gender analysis, youth analysis, stakeholders’ analysis, landscape analysis, environmental analysis, farm profitability analysis in Senegal to allow understanding of the overall context and guide Heifer Senegal implementation strategy for the Senegal Signature Program. Consultant will also work with the Heifer Country team and other relevant staff to assess Heifer Senegal’s operational capacity to implement the Signature Program focusing on demonstrated skills, capacity, processes, and system gaps.

Methodology:

The process would be initiated through inception meeting, desk review, data collection, synthesis and analysis. The consultant shall specifically.

1)Develop tools and an appropriate methodology for primary data collection

2) Review identified commodity Value Chains and establish.

• The systemic bottlenecks/challenges; key Primary chain actor, their key functions, relationships,
• Critical support functions, rules and regulations; further analyze the support functions, rules and regulations to understand the root causes of the challenges
  • Chain supporter’s/support services and their role.
  • Actors’ contribution to changes in prices along the value chain.
• Evaluate the social aspects as the key chain blocker(s) and enabler(s).
  • Challenges experienced in offering /accessing facilitative services Possible potential risks / opportunities
• Gender and power dynamics and advice on areas for improvement in maximizing benefits to Women and Youth.

3) Establish specific, relevant, and reliable markets and should target at primary, regional, national level markets.

• Suitability, competitive and comparative advantages.
• Assess the size of markets, volume of sales, market integration/segmentation
• Assess agricultural practices conformance to requirements and standards of markets.

4) Assess the current trends in the environment; government regulations and control mechanisms.

• Identify policy issues that impact the selected value chains
• Establish markets structures and infrastructure and enabling environment (e.g. policies affecting market access);

5) Provide framework for the design, implementation, monitoring, risk management and evaluation of value chains development strategies: to provide tools to ensure that information is incorporated in production stages and how it should be interpreted and used for decision-making

6) Review secondary data/information on the additional thematic areas of analysis (see above), with specific focus on the selected value chains. The review should result in a 10–15-page reports for each of the analysis.

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